Can we see the real world
This is a tough question. At least one can say, not always when one thinks of optical illusions, lies, prejudices, delusions, etc. Can we safely distinguish between truth and lies? To answer these questions we must first answer another question. How do we see the world The source of our perceptions are our sense organs. Do the sense organs see what we perceive? No. The sense organs only ever see small parts of it. For example, the eye actually only sees rows of colored dots and they are also mirror-inverted. Our brain then correctly reflects this again. The sense organs can be deceived by physical effects. The sensory impressions are analyzed, filtered and sorted by the brain. For example, areas where the same color information or the same color pattern appears to be present are classified as areas by the brain. The greatest order criteria are space and time.The order of the information of our sensory organs has the purpose of allowing us to find our way around the world more quickly. But mistakes can also happen, for example because one has learned to misinterpret a sensory impression. One example of this is sharpness. Many people think this is a taste in the strict sense of the word, but in reality the sensation of sharpness is the irritation of pain receptors, not the taste buds. Some perceptions are also sorted out by the brain in order to have computing power free for other things. After the perceptions have been sorted and filtered, the brain evaluates them based on previous memories. The brain also tries to guess unknown connections. This can lead to further changes in perception, for example we often think that someone we trust is acting for better motives than someone we mistrust, even if we do not know the motives of those people. What also has an influence on the view of reality are psychological processes such as repression and negation (one simply claims that something that is unpleasant to one would not be true and then also believes in this claim oneself.) Once correctly perceived memories are correct forever? No. Our memories also change over time. One reason for such changes is, for example, the attempt of the mind to sort memories into the context of other memories or to fill memory gaps. Many of these processes are influenced by knowing what we have, for example guessing facts or when we interpret something into something. All in all, because of these things I have mentioned, one can credibly say that we actually only see an image of reality that is generated by our mind.